E classification of the ANCA-associated vasculitides and polyarteritis nodosa for epidemiological

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E classification of the ANCA-associated vasculitides and polyarteritis nodosa for epidemiological studies. Ann Rheum Dis 2007, 66:222?27. 9. Narbone MC, Musolino R, Granata F, Mazz?I, Abbate M, Ferlazzo E: PRES: posterior or potentially reversible encephalopathy syndrome? Neurol Sci 2006, 27:187?89. 10. Gambardella A, Andermann F, Shorvon S, Le Piane E, Aguglia U: Limited chronic focal encephalitis: another variant of Rasmussen syndrome? Neurology 2008, 70:374?77. 11. Engelsen BA, Tzoulis C, Karlsen B, Lilleb?A, Laegreid LM, Aasly J, Zeviani M, Bindoff Staurosporine LA: POLG1 mutations cause a syndromic epilepsy with occipital lobe predilection. Brain 2008, 131:818?28.12. Walton EW: Giant-cell granuloma of the respiratory tract (Wegener’s granulomatosis). Br Med J 1958, 2:265?70. 13. Wieshmann UC, Symms MR, Shorvon SD: Diffusion changes in status epilepticus. Lancet 1997, 350:493?94. 14. Nabbout R, Vezzani A, Dulac O, Chiron C: Acute encephalopathy with inflammation-mediated status epilepticus. Lancet Neurol 2011, 10:99?08.doi:10.1186/1471-2377-14-148 Cite this article as: Ferlazzo et al.: Positivity to p-ANCA in patients with status epilepticus. BMC Neurology 2014 14:148.Submit your next manuscript to BioMed Central and take full advantage of:?Convenient online submission ?Thorough peer review ?No space constraints or color figure charges ?Immediate publication on acceptance ?Inclusion in PubMed, CAS, Scopus and Google Scholar ?Research which is freely available for redistributionSubmit your manuscript at www.biomedcentral.com/submit

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Andres et al. BMC Neuroscience 2013, 14:49 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2202/14/RESEARCH ARTICLEOpen AccessMorphological and functional differentiation in BE (2)-M17 human neuroblastoma cells by treatment with Trans-retinoic acidDevon Andres, Brian M Keyser, John Petrali, Betty Benton, Kyle S Hubbard, Patrick M McNutt and Radharaman Ray*AbstractBackground: Immortalized neuronal cell lines can be induced to differentiate into more mature neurons by adding specific compounds or growth factors to the culture medium. This property makes neuronal cell lines attractive as in vitro cell models to study neuronal functions and neurotoxicity. The clonal human neuroblastoma BE(2)-M17 cell line is known to differentiate into a more prominent neuronal cell type by treatment with trans-retinoic acid. However, there is a lack of information on the morphological and functional aspects of these differentiated cells. Results: We studied the effects of trans-retinoic acid treatment on (a) some differentiation marker proteins, (b) types of voltage-gated calcium (Ca2+) channels and PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16989806 (c) Ca2+-dependent neurotransmitter ([3H] glycine) release in cultured BE(2)-M17 cells. Cells treated with 10 M trans-retinoic acid (RA) for 72 hrs exhibited marked changes in morphology to include neurite extensions; presence of P/Q, N and T-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channels; and expression of neuron specific enolase (NSE), synaptosomal-associated protein 25 (SNAP-25), nicotinic acetylcholine receptor 7 (nAChR-7) and other neuronal markers. Moreover, retinoic acid treated cells had a significant increase in evoked Ca2+-dependent neurotransmitter release capacity. In toxicity studies of the toxic gas, phosgene (CG), that differentiation of M17 cells with RA was required to see the changes in intracellular free Ca2+ concentrations following exposure to CG. Conclusion: Taken together, retinoic acid treated cells had improved morphological features as well as neu.

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